edTPA+Glossary

**assessment (summative and formative):** Summative and formative assessments play an integral part of information gathering about student learning. Summative assessments are given periodically, to determine at a particular point in time, what students know and do not know relative to content standards. Examples might include chapter tests, unit tests, or culminating projects. In contrast, formative assessments are incorporated into classroom practice and can provide information needed to adjust teaching and learning as students approach full mastery of content. Examples of formative assessments could include observations, questioning strategies, and self- and peer-assessments.

**learning objectives:** Student learning outcomes to be achieved by the end of the lesson or learning segment.

**learning task**: Includes activities, discussions, or other modes of participation that engage students to develop, practice, and apply skills and knowledge related to a specific learning goal. Learning tasks may be scaffolded to connect prior knowledge to new knowledge and often include formative assessment. > A sample mathematical learning task for fourth graders working with multi-digit numbers could be: Collect the population from 4 neighboring states to compare with our own state. Identify the state with the highest and lowest populations and make a table showing the states’ populations in order from highest to lowest populations. Compare the populations of the states by writing statements using <, =, and >.